Applicability Of Laws In India With Special Reference To Rural Area

India is the country with the lengthiest written constitution and with the help of that constitution, our government ensures that we will protect by it. Law & order is available for the betterment of citizens and that is also mentions in the “Directive Principles of State”. The constitution of India has so many powers in itself and through its directions the whole structure run. We are aware about the politics, economics and other stuffs but the major disaster in India is something else and that we are ignoring. Our administration is keep on saying that they are doing their work with full liability but is that truth? We know the applicability of our laws in rural areas is still a dream for those who are living there. Here, we are determining those issues which are the big stumbling blocks in the development of rural areas

A study on prescribing errors in in-patients of a corporate tertiary care hospital in North India

Background: Prescribing errors are a subset of medication errors which have a potential for grave harm to the patient. Identification and acknowledgement of such errors can ameliorate much of this danger. Studies of prescribing errors are sparse in India. Such studies, whatever have been conducted, mainly focus on the out-patients or the patients on discharge. Hence, this study was undertaken to study the prescribing errors in prescriptions generated for patients admitted in wards of a corporate hospital in North India.Methods: The prescriptions for in-patients admitted in wards were analyzed for different types of prescribing errors in individual drug orders and prescription as a whole.Results: The prescribing error rate was found to be 3.3% in this study. Of all errors, errors leading to delays in patient care (i.e. Errors of prescription writing) (54.54%) and erroneous copying of the prescription to the drug chart by junior/ resident doctors (Transcription errors) (31.31%) were found to be the major causes of prescribing errors in this study. Of the former category, prescribing a wrong strength (24.24%) and illegible drug orders (12.12%) were the most numerous error subtypes. Errors leading to sub-optimal patient care (i.e. Errors of decision making) were least identified of which Therapeutic duplication (12.12%) was the most common subtype.Conclusions: The error rate found in this study is comparable to the data available from developed countries. However, there are significant differences in the occurrences of error subtypes found in this study as compared to the studies of the west

Clinical study to evaluate efficacy of Kanchanar Gutika in the management of Galganda w.r.t. Hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism is defined as failure of the Thyroid Gland to produce sufficient Thyroid hormone to meet the metabolic demands of the body. The prevalence of Hypothyroidism in urban India is 10.95%. Major portion of Hypothyroidism (approximately 3.47%) remain undetected. Various treatment protocols are applied in this disease with partial success. In present clinical study, 30 patients of clinically proven Hypothyroidism were treated with Kanchanar Gutika to evaluate its efficacy. The Ingredients Of Kanchanar Gutika are Bhibhitak (Terminalia Bellerica), Haritaki (Terminalia Chebula), Amalaki (Emblica Officinalis), Kanchanara (Bauhinia Variegate), Maricha (Piper Nigrum), Shunthi (Zinziber Officinalis), Pippali (Piper Longum), Guggul (Commiphora Mukul) etc.[1] Ayurvediya Nidanadi parameters and modern symtoms of Hypothyroidism were used as a subjective parameters & investigation was used as objective parameters to assess the efficacy of the drug. Analysis was done and results were calculated statistically using paired‘t’ test. Results obtained are encouraging and indicate the efficacy of Kanchanar Gutika in the management of Hypothyroidism, exploring many aspects of this clinical entity

Optimization of Grinding Parameters for Minimum Surface Roughness by Taguchi Parametric Optimization Technique

Cylindrical grinding is one of the important metal cutting processes used extensively in the finishing operations. Surface finish is the important output responses in the production with respect to quantity and quality respectively. The Experiments are conducted on universal tool and cutter grinding machine with L9 Orthogonal array with input machining variables as work speed, grinding wheel grades and hardness of material. The developed model can be used by the different manufacturing firms to select right combination of machining parameters to achieve an optimal surface roughness (Ra).The results reveals surface roughness (Ra).The predicted optimal values for Ra for Cylindrical grinding process is 1.07 Ra respectively. The results are further confirmed by conducting confirmation experiments

A population-based study on correlates of abortion in India (1990-2006)

Background: Every two hours in India, a woman dies from an unsafe abortion. Each year, 19 million to 20 million women risk their   lives to undergo unsafe abortions, conducted in unsanitary conditions by unqualified practitioners or practitioners who resort to traditional but rudimentary means. This study depicts the scenario, traces the changes in abortion and determines the factors associated with abortion in India, during last one and half decade (1990-2006).Methods: Data from three rounds of the National Family Health Survey (1992–93 NFHS-1, 1998–99 NFHS-2, 2005–06 NFHS-3) India were analyzed. To identify the scenario, traces the changes and determine the factors associated with abortion, bivaraite and multivariate (both separate and pooled) analyses were performed.Results: Findings from this study highlighted that the women current age, women age at marriage, sex composition of living children, educational status, mass media exposure and place of residence emerged as significant factors affecting the abortion. Controlling for a set of socioeconomic and demographic factors, experience abortion by women was more (Crude OR=2.11 95% CI=2.04-2.19), (AOR=1.06 95% CI=1.01-1.10) during 1996-99 and (Crude OR=1.07 95% CI=1.03-1.12), (AOR=1.20 95% CI=1.15-1.26) during 2003-06, respectively as compared to period 1992-1993.Conclusions: There is a need for more in-depth qualitative studies at the regional level to better understand the determinants and consequences of this complex and sensitive issue in India. Programs should focus more on the availability and accessibility of contraceptives among women to elude the reproductive health consequences of induced abortion

Clinical Study to evaluate efficacy of Erandamuladi Basti in the management of Amavata w.r.t. Rheumatoid Arthritis

Rheumatoid Arthritis is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease that causes pain, stiffness and swelling of the joints. It affects different parts of the body, mainly effects the joints. Amavata (Rheumatoid Arthritis) has been a challenging problem to the medical field. Various treatment protocols are applied in this disease with partial success. In present clinical study, 30 patients of clinically proven Amavata (Rheumatoid Arthritis) were treated with Erandamuladi Basti to evaluate its efficacy. Erandamuladi Basti contains Kwatha Dravyas viz. Erandamula, Rasna, Bala, Devdaru and Sahachar with other Kalka and Prakshepa Dravyas. Ayurvediya Nidanadi parameters and American Rheumatism Association guidelines for Rheumatoid Arthritis were followed. Analysis was done and results were calculated statistically using paired ‘t’ test. Results obtained are encouraging and indicate the efficacy of Erandamuladi Basti over Amavata (Rheumatoid arthritis), exploring many aspects of this clinical entity

Spectacle adherence and barriers towards spectacle wear among primary school going children

Background: The aim of the study was to assess the spectacle adherence and barriers towards spectacle wear among primary school going children in the west UP. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive questionnaire-based study was conducted among the primary school going children in rural area of west UP. Spectacle was provided after the comprehensive eye examination, free of cost to the children those who required. An uninformed visit was planned after 3 months of initial examination to assess the compliance of spectacle wear and non-compliant subjects were questioned about the reasons for not wearing spectacle. Results: This study consists of total 158 children. In this study, majority of participants 88.61% were myopic having low degree of myopia being more common. Compliance rate towards the spectacle wear was high in males as compared to female children. Compliance rate was significantly varied with the age of participants. Myopic patients show more compliance than the hyperopic patients, it was insignificant while considering the severity of refractive error. The main cause for non-compliance towards spectacle was the cosmetic blemish. Conclusions: It has been found that the compliance rate towards the spectacle wear was not good enough even after distributing the spectacle free of cost to the children. Various factors including cosmetic blemish, parents and children perception for wearing spectacle and difficulties experienced by the children while wearing glasses were responsible for the non-compliance. The compliance rate can be increased by providing the education and training and Counselling to school teachers, children and their parents regarding the eye health